Morphine nursing considerations

Respiratory rate under 12, constipation, and naloxone.

Short answer

Morphine's top nursing consideration is respiratory depression: assess the respiratory rate and sedation before and after dosing, and hold and reassess if the rate is under 12. Start a stool softener from the beginning for constipation, and keep naloxone available as the reversal agent.

What morphine does, and why the NCLEX tests it

Morphine is an opioid that binds mu receptors in the central nervous system to relieve pain, with sedation and slowed breathing as the trade-off. The exam's priority adverse effect is respiratory depression.

Key nursing considerations for morphine

Respiratory depression is the priority

Assess respiratory rate and sedation before and after dosing; hold and reassess if the rate is under 12.

Constipation

Near-universal and does not improve over time; start a stool softener from the start.

Antidote is naloxone

Keep naloxone available; it is short-acting, so watch for re-sedation.

Other effects

Sedation, pinpoint pupils, hypotension, and urinary retention.

Dependence and safety

Teach safe storage and disposal and no alcohol or driving.

How the NCLEX turns morphine into a question

The exam reuses a few predictable angles. Learn to spot them and the question answers itself.

Report a respiratory rate under 12 and excessive sedation (the priority), and persistent constipation.

Priority assess respiratory rate and sedation; hold and stimulate, give naloxone as ordered, and monitor for re-sedation.

Lab respiratory rate, sedation level, oxygen saturation, and pain score.

Teach prevent constipation with fluids, fiber, and a stool softener, do not drink alcohol or drive, take it exactly as prescribed, and store and dispose of it safely.

NGN cue

A post-op patient with a respiratory rate of 8 and heavy sedation after morphine. Hold the opioid, stimulate, give oxygen and naloxone, and monitor for re-sedation.

Quick answers

What is the priority adverse effect of morphine?

Respiratory depression. Assess the respiratory rate and sedation before and after dosing, and hold and reassess if the rate is under 12.

How is opioid constipation managed?

Start a stool softener or laxative from the beginning, along with fluids and fiber, because opioid constipation is near-universal and does not improve with time.

What is the antidote for morphine?

Naloxone. It is short-acting, so watch for the return of sedation and slow breathing and repeat as needed.

Keep studying

These pages build on each other. Work through the related classes, then pressure-test yourself against the free cheat sheet and the full guide.


Cover of NCLEX-RN Pharmacology Made Manageable
Available now · instant download

Every high-yield class, decoded the same way

You just read the morphine breakdown. The full guide runs all 54 high-yield drug classes on one repeatable system, then closes with the cram tables: antidotes, therapeutic drug levels, must-know lab values, the suffix sheet, and a final-week checklist.

Get the guide - $12.99 7-day money-back guarantee

98-page PDF + EPUB · instant download · 7-day money-back guarantee · free sample

Get the high-yield cheat sheet by email

Drop your email and we will send you the free High-Yield NCLEX Pharmacology Cheat Sheet as a printable PDF right away: antidotes, high-alert drugs, and the lab-value cutoffs the exam leans on. We email rarely, and you can unsubscribe in one click. Founding reviewers welcome: after you join, just reply to the welcome email and we will send you the full guide free to review honestly.